Shriram Charitmanas is an epic poem composed in the 16th century in the Awadhi language by Goswami Tulsidas. In it, the biography of Lord Rama is written in the form of chapai in the Awadhi language. Shriram Charitmanas has a special place in Indian culture. It is read daily by many people in North India in the form of Ramayana.
Shri Ram Charit Manas is an epic poem written by the 15th century poet Goswami Tulsidas. As Tulsidas himself has written in the Balakand of Shri Ramcharit Manas, he started the composition of Shri Ramcharit Manas in Ayodhya on the day of Ram Navami in Vikram Samvat 1631 (AD 1574). According to Shri Hanuman Prasad Poddar of Gitapress Gorakhpur, it took Tulsidas 2 years, 7 months and 26 days to write Ramcharit Manas.
He completed this composition on the day of Ram's marriage in the Margashirsha Shukla Paksha of Samvat 1633 (AD 1576). The language of this epic is Awadhi, a branch of Hindi. Ramcharit Manas is considered a great work of Hindi literature. Shriram Charitmanas is also commonly called Tulsi Ramayana or Tulsi Krita Ramayana.
In Shriramcharit Manas, Shriram is depicted as an incarnation of Lord Vishnu, while in the Ramayana written by Maharishi Valmiki, Shriram is depicted as a human being. Although Lord Rama of Tulsi is omnipotent, he is limited to a man. This beautiful Kanda is recited for nine days during Sharad Navratri.
At the very beginning of Ramcharitmanas, Tulsidas has talked about the origin of the Ram story. He has said that originally this story was told by Lord Shankar to Parvati. Then Yajnavalkya narrated it to Bharadwaj. After that, Kakabhusundi narrated the same story to Garuda. Tulsidas has written that there have been many incarnations of Ram and thousands of types of Ramayanas have been written till now.
However, Tulsidas has kept the storyline of Ramcharitmanas free from complexity. This elaborate story of Ram unfolds during his fourteen years of exile. Along with this, many story threads have been woven, such as the dialogue between Garuda and Kakabhusundi, ‘Shiva-Charitra’, ‘Shiva-Parvati dialogue’, Yajnavalkya-Bhardwaj dialogue etc.
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This is considered an excellent epic poem from an artistic point of view. In Indian literature, it is necessary for a Prabandha work to have a coherent story, to have a hero of a high caste, to have one of the rasas of Shringar, Shanta and Veerras as an element and to have other rasas as an element, to have a beautiful narrative-plan, a detailed analysis of religion, artha, kama and moksha, while in Western literature it is necessary to have the characteristics of what is called an epic. In this way, the plot thread with the past is here. ‘Ramcharitmanas’ has an important place among the best poetic works of the world.
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